Reddit reply in r/AcademicQuran: deleted by user — May 26, 2024 | Ali Shukri Amin

Modern 12'er Shi'a use the theological works of the Mu'tazilah so yes they believe it is created.

Atharis object to the term Qadīm (premordial, as opposed to 'Azl which is eternality into the future) because there's no direct narration calling the Qur'an or Allah Qadīm. However, there is a sahih narration calling Allah's power (sultan) Qadīm, the Mutakallimūn use that to justify the term.

It's possible to understand the debate It's just very technical, abstract, and if you don't sincerely believe your eternal fate hinges on it probably too arcane to focus on.

Sunnī positions:

1. Hardline Hanbalis - Qur'an, its recitation (Lafzh), meaning, letters, and words are uncreated.
2. Bukhari, most modern Hanbalis - the Qur'an, it's meaning, letters, and words are uncreated but human representations of that (such as reciting or writing) are created acts.
3. Tafwidi Hanbalis - Quran is uncreated and getting into these philosophical details is not allowed.
4. Modern Ash'aris - the Quran is the manifestation of Allah's internal Speech of the Mind. The manifestation in this world, letters and words, are created but the essence and source of it are not.

Ibn Taymiyyah had some interesting things to say on the eternality of the Quran including whether it was "muhdath" i.e. an accident, which was a Mu'tazili opinion.

This issue of the eternal nature of the Quran was also highly influenced by Christian philosophical discussions on the logos and Jesus being God incarnate. It's difficult to say that it's a totally indigenous Muslim theological issue.